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Steel equivalents / Common structural steel (S235 / A36 / SS400)

A36

USApproximate match

ASTM · ASTM A36/A36M

Family of unalloyed carbon structural steels used in steel framing, locksmithing/metalwork and light boilermaking for applications without high-strength requirements. It's the most common and cheapest grade on the market, available in nearly every region of the world under closely related designations.

Equivalents by yield strength proximity
GradeRegionStandardRe (MPa)Rm (MPa)Delta
A36USASTM A36/A36M250400–550reference
SM400AJPJIS G3106:2020245400–510-2%
SS400JPJIS G3101:2020245400–510-2%
SS400KRKS D3503:2018245400–510-2%
S235JREUEN 10025-2:2019235360–510-6%
E235 (ex-Fe360)ISOISO 630-2:2021 (ancien ISO 630:1995, désignation historique Fe360)235360–510-6%
S275JREUEN 10025-2:2019275410–560+10%
Neighboring grades — different strength
S355JREUEN 10025-2:2019355470–630+42%
Chemical composition (wt%)
GradeCMnSiPSCuN
A36≤0.260.6–0.9≤0.4≤0.04≤0.05≥0.2—
SM400A≤0.23——≤0.035≤0.035——
SS400≤0.25≤1.4—≤0.04≤0.04——
SS400———≤0.05≤0.05——
S235JR≤0.17≤1.4≤0.2≤0.035≤0.035——
E235 (ex-Fe360)———————
S275JR≤0.21≤1.5≤0.05≤0.04≤0.045——
S355JR≤0.24≤1.6≤0.55≤0.04≤0.04≤0.55≤0.012

Note: The most widely used structural grade in the United States, a functional equivalent of S235/SS400 but with a yield strength closer to S275 (250 MPa / 36 ksi min). Maximum carbon and manganese vary by thickness and product form (plate vs. shape) — the Mn values only apply to plates/bars over roughly 20 mm; otherwise Mn is unspecified. The 0.20% minimum copper only applies to the optional "copper-bearing" grade.

Values compiled from public sources for guidance only — always verify against the official standard before use in design or fabrication.